TY - JOUR A2 - 的Makis，Viliam AU - Honarvar，Mahboobeh AU - Alimohammadi Ardakani，马吉德AU - 勒斯，穆罕默德PY - 2020 DA - 2020年4月22日TI - 粒子群优化算法的定价和交付时间报价Dual-Channel Supply Chain with Multiple Customer Classes SP - 5917126 VL - 2020 AB - The combination of traditional retail channel with direct channel adds a new dimension of competition to manufacturers’ distribution system. In this paper, we consider a make-to-order manufacturer with two channels of sale, sale through retailers and online direct sale. The customers are classified into different classes, based on their sensitivity to price and due date. The orders of traditional retail channel customers are fulfilled in the same period of ordering. However, price and due date are quoted to the online customers based on the available capacity as well as the other orders in the pipeline. We develop two different structures of the supply chain: centralized and decentralized dual-channel supply chain which are formulated as bilevel binary nonlinear models. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is also developed to obtain a satisfactory near-optimal solution and compared to a genetic algorithm. Through various numerical analyses, we investigate the effects of the customers’ preference of a direct channel on the model’s variables. SN - 1687-9147 UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5917126 DO - 10.1155/2020/5917126 JF - Advances in Operations Research PB - Hindawi KW - ER -